@Article{DrumondMaAmNiMoGi:2014:LaAn,
               author = "Drumond, A. and Marengo, Jos{\'e} Antonio and Ambrizzi, T. and 
                         Nieto, R. and Moreira, L. and Gimeno, L.",
          affiliation = "UVIGO and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and 
                         {Universidade de S{\~a}o Paulo (USP)} and UVIGO and {University 
                         of Bern} and UVIGO",
                title = "The role of the Amazon Basin moisture in the atmospheric branch of 
                         the hydrological cycle: A Lagrangian analysis",
              journal = "Hydrology and Earth System Sciences",
                 year = "2014",
               volume = "18",
               number = "7",
                pages = "2577--2598",
             keywords = "Atmospheric humidity, Atmospheric pressure, Budget control, 
                         Lagrange multipliers, Moisture, Forward-and-backward, Hydrological 
                         budgets, Hydrological cycles, Interannual variability, Interannual 
                         variation, Lagrangian analysis, Southeastern South America, 
                         Southern oscillation, Tropics, El Nino, El Nino-Southern 
                         Oscillation, evaporation, hydrological cycle, Lagrangian analysis, 
                         moisture transfer, precipitation (climatology), water budget, 
                         Amazon Basin, Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic Ocean (North), Atlantic 
                         Ocean (South), Atlantic Ocean (Tropical).",
             abstract = "We used a Lagrangian model (FLEXPART) together with the 1979-2012 
                         ERA-Interim reanalysis data to investigate the role of the 
                         moisture in the Amazon Basin in the regional hydrological budget 
                         over the course of the year. FLEXPART computes budgets of 
                         evaporation minus precipitation by calculating changes in the 
                         specific humidity along forward and backward trajectories. The 
                         tropical Atlantic is the most important remote moisture source for 
                         the Amazon Basin. The tropical North Atlantic (NA) mainly 
                         contributed during the austral summer, while the contribution of 
                         the tropical South Atlantic (SA) prevailed for the remainder of 
                         the year. At the same time, the moisture contribution from the 
                         Amazon Basin itself is mainly for moisture supplying the 
                         southeastern South America. The 33-year temporal domain allowed 
                         the investigation of some aspects of the interannual variability 
                         of the moisture transport over the basin, such as the role of the 
                         El Niņo Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Atlantic Meridional 
                         Mode (AMM) on the hydrological budget. During the peak of the 
                         Amazonian rainy season (from February to May, FMAM) the AMM is 
                         associated more with the interannual variations in the 
                         contribution from the tropical Atlantic sources, while the 
                         transport from the basin towards the subtropics responds more to 
                         the ENSO variability. The moisture contribution prevailed from the 
                         SA (NA) region in the years dominated by El Niņo/positive AMM (La 
                         Niņa/negative AMM) conditions. The transport from the Amazon 
                         towards the subtropics increased (reduced) during El Niņo (La 
                         Niņa) years.",
                  doi = "10.5194/hess-18-2577-2014",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-2577-2014",
                 issn = "1027-5606",
                label = "scopus 2014-11 DrumondMaAmNiMoGi:2014:LaAn",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "Drumond_role.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "27 abr. 2024"
}